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<title>Intel Architecture Labs</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Intel Architecture Labs</span></span>

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<p><b>Intel Architecture Labs</b> (<b>IAL</b>) was the <a href="Personal_computer" title="Personal computer">personal-computer</a> system research-and-development arm of <a href="Intel" title="Intel">Intel</a> during the 1990s.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History_and_formation">History and formation</h2></div>

<p>IAL was created by Intel Vice-president Ron Whittier together with Craig Kinnie and <a href="Steven_McGeady" title="Steven McGeady">Steven McGeady</a> to develop the hardware and software innovations considered to be lacking from PC <a href="Original_equipment_manufacturers" class="mw-redirect" title="Original equipment manufacturers">original equipment manufacturers (OEMs)</a> and <a href="Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> in the late 1980s and 1990s. IAL pursued both hardware and software initiatives, both of which were important factors in the evolution of, and the control of, the PC industry.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rivalry_with_Microsoft">Rivalry with Microsoft</h2></div>

<p>Around the same time in the PC industry, Microsoft was emerging as the de facto industry standard in PC Operating Systems and software application for the PC. As IAL's software ambitions began to overlap with Microsoft's, a rivalry broke out between Intel and Microsoft as it related to the amount of influence, control, and the setting of standards in the rapidly growing PC industry. Over time, IAL's work in software projects was gradually de-emphasized after the software efforts collided with similar activities by Microsoft.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Native_Signal_Processing_(NSP)">Native Signal Processing (NSP)</h3></div>

<p>Native Signal Processing (NSP) was an example of a significant software effort in IAL. NSP was a software initiative to allow Intel-based PCs to run time-sensitive code independently of the <a href="Operating_system" title="Operating system">operating system (OS)</a>, allowing real-time audio and video processing on the microprocessors of the mid-1990s. Intel, whose microprocessors powered PC hardware designs, invested heavily in improving the performance of its chips. As a result of the increase in performance, Intel saw an opportunity to transfer software workloads from specialized microprocessors over to the central Intel microprocessors. This strategy was fundamental to Intel's vision of a powerful central microprocessor made with its advanced chip building capabilities. NSP was, in that regard, a gold mine of power-hungry software workloads which were previously running on Digital Signal Processor chips. This led to IAL's decision to embark on NSP, a large software initiative to gradually move the algorithms and software implementations from DSPs to the central Intel microprocessor.

</p><p>IAL's decision to pursue NSP clashed with Microsoft. NSP's software architecture was designed to be agnostic of the software operating system. This was a common strategic direction with PC chip manufacturers in the 1980s and 1990s because it allowed chips to be used in a multitude of software operating environments, and not just the Microsoft operating systems such as <a href="Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windows</a>. IAL kept the NSP secret from Microsoft, contrary to the two company's prior commitment to disclose projects to one another. IAL told Microsoft about NSP in early 1995 when it began to talk to OEMs about pre-installing NSP. Microsoft got a copy of NSP and tested it against Windows 95, which was in late beta test. Microsoft discovered that NSP was incompatible with Windows 95 and caused machines to crash. When Microsoft informed Intel about this, Intel admitted it never tested against Windows 95; Intel felt it was unnecessary because it felt Windows 95 would be a failure. When Microsoft proposed working together to make NSP compatible with Windows 95, IAL declined and would not cooperate with Microsoft to make NSP compatible with the forthcoming Windows 95. As a result, Microsoft went to the OEMs to warn them of the incompatibilities, which caused the OEMs to back away from NSP. With no OEM support, NSP was left as an orphan and not pursued further by IAL.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Web_browser">Web browser</h3></div>

<p>IAL also tangled with Microsoft by supporting <a href="Netscape_Communications_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Netscape Communications Corporation">Netscape</a> and their early web browser <a href="Netscape_Navigator" title="Netscape Navigator">Netscape Navigator</a>, and by producing a fast native <a href="X86" title="X86">x86</a> port of the <a href="Java_virtual_machine" title="Java virtual machine">Java</a> system. Most of these projects were later shelved, and after 1997, IAL tended not to risk competing with Microsoft. The details of IAL's conflicts with Microsoft over software were revealed in Steven McGeady's testimony in the <a href="United_States_v._Microsoft" class="mw-redirect" title="United States v. Microsoft">Microsoft antitrust</a> trial.

</p><p>Not all of IAL's software efforts met bad ends due to Microsoft—IAL developed one of the first software digital video systems, <a href="Indeo" title="Indeo">Indeo</a> - technology that was used in its ProShare videoconferencing product line but suffered later from neglect and was sold to another company in the late 1990s.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Input/output_interconnect_projects">Input/output interconnect projects</h2></div>

<p>However, IAL successes in the hardware world are legendary, and include <a href="Peripheral_Component_Interconnect" title="Peripheral Component Interconnect">PCI</a>, <a href="USB" title="USB">USB</a>, <a href="Accelerated_Graphics_Port" title="Accelerated Graphics Port">AGP</a>, the Northbridge/Southbridge core logic architecture and <a href="PCI_Express" title="PCI Express">PCI Express</a>.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Universal_Serial_Bus_(USB)">Universal Serial Bus (USB)</h3></div>

<p>USB, in particular, was developed in the Oregon offices of IAL, where the architects of PCI and the Plug and Play initiatives assisted in building the first peripheral interconnect that would work with devices without requiring the PC to be dismantled. This vision of a sealed PC that could be extended with external devices was central to Intel's strategy of making the PC more like a consumer device. USB emerged as the lead contender for the interconnect standard interface, and an Intel team of engineers set out to create an industry standard.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Intel's engineering standards were well known as being among the highest in the industry, driven by the company's adherence to careful development of technical specifications before setting out to design or develop a new product. As part of the engineering process, Intel engineers wrote detailed technical specifications during the early phases of design, to ensure the features were well understood and agreed upon. Since Intel's products usually involved complex chip designs, errors or omissions in the design or features could prove costly if done without the appropriate rigor and review that came along with the detailed engineering reviews that accompanied the design process.

</p><p>In the early 1990s the initial USB specification was spearheaded in IAL, driven by a small team of software and hardware architects & engineers. The engineers were scattered across Intel campuses in Oregon and California. In Oregon, the chief engineers of the USB project in IAL included Brad Hosler, Shelagh Callahan, John Howard, John Garney, and Kosar Jaff, all based in the <a href="Hillsboro_Oregon" class="mw-redirect" title="Hillsboro Oregon">Hillsboro Oregon</a> Intel site.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>While the IAL-based USB team was primarily located in Intel's campus in Hillsboro Oregon, the USB project also included a team of chip designers in the Intel Chipset Group (Peripheral Components Division) located on the Intel campus in <a href="Folsom%2C_California" title="Folsom, California">Folsom, California</a>. The partnership between the IAL engineers and the chipset engineers was crucial in the development of the original USB specification. Throughout the development of the USB 1.0 specifications, the IAL engineers worked closely with chipset designers (inside and outside Intel). Together, the engineering teams in Oregon and California were tasked with building the world's first USB based computer by designing and manufacturing the USB Host Controller.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="USB_host_controller_design">USB host controller design</h4></div>

<p>A critical component of the USB design was the interface between hardware and software, which was the domain of the USB Host Controller, the brains behind the interconnect that all USB devices communicate with. The USB Host Controller was embedded in the South Bridge chip, and was designed to match the USB specification being developed by the IAL engineers. USB was, like PCI, a unique combination of hardware and software definitions, and as a result the project needed a software engineering team from the outset, unlike typical Intel hardware

projects. The USB software device driver "stack" was initially developed on Windows 95 using the Virtual Device Driver (VxD) model of Windows 95. The VxD-based USB driver stack was helpful to Microsoft as they implemented a brand new USB stack using the emerging Windows Driver Model (WDM) largely because of Microsoft's strategic shift towards Windows NT, and away from Windows 95. WDM was uniquely compatible with both operating systems, and the decision to abandon the VxD stack was a win-win for Intel and Microsoft. The collaboration between IAL and Microsoft improved during the development of USB 1.0, largely driven by the software developers that Intel hired into its IAL labs. Software developers at Microsoft were able to speak a familiar technical language with their fellow software developers from IAL, allowing the group to work as a single unit to drive the USB standard into the Windows-based PCs of the 1990s and beyond.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Collaboration_with_industry_partners">Collaboration with industry partners</h4></div>

<p>Unlike previous IAL projects which had resulted in considerable conflict and tension with other companies in the PC industry, the USB project stood out as a highlight of the cooperation between IAL's engineers and the rest of the PC industry. The IAL USB team worked closely with Microsoft, sharing their lessons learned, and helping the Microsoft team add support for the USB interconnect in Windows, as well as in Microsoft peripheral devices, such as Microsoft keyboards. The IAL team dedicated a full time engineer to work with Microsoft closely so as to avoid delays and repeating mistakes the Intel team had made during the development of the specification and first hardware and software implementations. The USB team in IAL, while small and focused, developed a reputation for being collaborative, supportive, and focused on educating the industry about the emerging USB standard. The engineers were regular presenters at USB Developer's Conferences and collaborated with dozens of hardware and software companies who were eager to implement the industry's first broadly-adopted interconnect standard to make PCs more user friendly.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Disbanding">Disbanding</h2></div>

<p>In 2001, after the departure of all of its creators, IAL was disbanded and replaced with the very different Intel Labs under <a href="Pat_Gelsinger" title="Pat Gelsinger">Pat Gelsinger</a>, though most of the creative talent that had been in IAL was by then scattered across the company or had left entirely. In a 2005 re-organization, Intel Labs itself was reorganized with the intent of rebuilding a research function.

</p><p>Compare Intel's Architecture Development Lab.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFDan_Fost1998" class="citation web cs1">Dan Fost (August 28, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/1998/08/28/BU83568.DTL">"Intel's Dream Factory: Firm's labs look for new uses for computer chips"</a>. San Francisco Chronicle.</cite></li>

<li>Millison, Doug. <i>The 800-Pound Gorilla</i>, <a href="Computer_Currents" title="Computer Currents">Computer Currents</a> 11(24):80-82</li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Spooner2000" class="citation web cs1">John Spooner (July 24, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071218205039/http://news.zdnet.com/2100-9595_22-502616-2.html">"Inside Intel: Betting on the future"</a>. ZDNet News. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.zdnet.com/2100-9595_22-502616-2.html">the original</a> on December 18, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 18,</span> 2006</span>.</cite></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGawer2000" class="citation thesis cs1"><a href="Annabelle_Gawer" title="Annabelle Gawer">Gawer, Annabelle</a> (February 2000). <i>The Organization Of Platform Leadership: An Empirical Investigation Of Intel's Management Processes Aimed At Fostering Complementary Innovation By Third Parties</i> (PhD thesis). Massachusetts Institute Of Technology. p. 106. <a href="CiteSeerX_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="CiteSeerX (identifier)">CiteSeerX</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.83.1371">10.1.1.83.1371</a></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/articles/usb-two-decades-of-plug-and-play-article.pdf">"Two decades of "plug and play" - How USB became the most successful interface in the history of computing"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Intel</i>. p. 4.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/articles/usb-two-decades-of-plug-and-play-article.pdf">"Two decades of "plug and play" - How USB became the most successful interface in the history of computing"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Intel</i>. p. 5.</cite></span>

</li>

<cite id="CITEREFJuneau1993" class="citation news cs1">Juneau, Lucie (July 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SQ0AAAAAMBAJ">"Not All Talk"</a>. <i><a href="CIO_magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="CIO magazine">CIO</a></i>. p. 57<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-10-15</span></span>. <q>The Intel/Microsoft API originated in the Architecture Development Lab with Intel's software technology group.</q></cite></span>

</li>

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</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Intel65" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Intel65" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Intel" title="Intel">Intel</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><i><a href="3Dlabs" title="3Dlabs">3Dlabs</a></i></li>

<li><a href="Altera" title="Altera">Altera</a></li>

<li><i><a href="Intel_Security" class="mw-redirect" title="Intel Security">Intel Security</a></i></li>

<li><a href="Mobileye" title="Mobileye">Mobileye</a></li>

<li><a href="Recon_Instruments" title="Recon Instruments">Recon Instruments</a></li>

<li><a href="Virtutech" title="Virtutech">Virtutech</a></li>

<li><a href="Wind_River_Systems" title="Wind River Systems">Wind River Systems</a></li>

<li><a href="Xircom" title="Xircom">Xircom</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Joint venture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">4Group Holdings (50% owned by <a href="Vantiva" title="Vantiva">Vantiva</a>)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="3D_XPoint" title="3D XPoint">3D XPoint</a></li>

<li><a href="Accounts_%26_SSO" title="Accounts & SSO">Accounts & SSO</a></li>

<li><a href="Amplify_Tablet" title="Amplify Tablet">Amplify Tablet</a></li>

<li><a href="Advanced_Programmable_Interrupt_Controller" title="Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller">Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller</a></li>

<li><a href="Cache_Acceleration_Software" title="Cache Acceleration Software">Cache Acceleration Software</a></li>

<li><a href="Client_Initiated_Remote_Access" title="Client Initiated Remote Access">Client Initiated Remote Access</a></li>

<li><a href="Direct_Media_Interface" title="Direct Media Interface">Direct Media Interface</a></li>

<li><a href="Flexible_Display_Interface" title="Flexible Display Interface">Flexible Display Interface</a></li>

<li><a href="Hella_Zippy" title="Hella Zippy">Hella Zippy</a></li>

<li><a href="Intel_1103" title="Intel 1103">Intel 1103</a></li>

<li><a href="Intel_AZ210" title="Intel AZ210">Intel AZ210</a></li>

<li><a href="Intel_Clear_Video" title="Intel Clear Video">Intel Clear Video</a></li>

<li><a href="Intel_Display_Power_Saving_Technology" title="Intel Display Power Saving Technology">Intel Display Power Saving Technology</a></li>

<li><a href="Intel_Modular_Server_System" title="Intel Modular Server System">Intel Modular Server System</a></li>

<li><a href="Intel_Quick_Sync_Video" title="Intel Quick Sync Video">Intel Quick Sync Video</a></li>

<li><a href="Intel_Reader" title="Intel Reader">Intel Reader</a></li>

<li><a href="Intel_system_development_kit" title="Intel system development kit">Intel system development kit</a></li>

<li><a href="Intel_Upgrade_Service" title="Intel Upgrade Service">Intel Upgrade Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Intel740" title="Intel740">Intel740</a></li>

<li><a href="InTru3D" title="InTru3D">InTru3D</a></li>

<li><a href="OFono" title="OFono">OFono</a></li>

<li><a href="Performance_acceleration_technology" title="Performance acceleration technology">Performance acceleration technology</a></li>

<li><a href="Intel_Shooting_Star" title="Intel Shooting Star">Shooting Star</a></li>

<li><a href="Stable_Image_Platform_Program" title="Stable Image Platform Program">Stable Image Platform Program</a></li>

<li><a href="Virtual_8086_mode" title="Virtual 8086 mode">Virtual 8086 mode</a></li>

</div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Intel_processors144" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="List_of_Intel_processors" title="List of Intel processors">Intel processors</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="List_of_Intel_processors" title="List of Intel processors">Processors</a>

<li><a href="List_of_Intel_Celeron_processors" title="List of Intel Celeron processors">Celeron</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Intel_Pentium_processors" title="List of Intel Pentium processors">Pentium</a>

<li><a href="Intel_Quark#List_of_Intel_Quark_processors" title="Intel Quark">Quark</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Intel_Itanium_processors" title="List of Intel Itanium processors">Itanium</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Intel_CPU_microarchitectures" title="List of Intel CPU microarchitectures">Microarchitectures</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Intel_chipsets" title="List of Intel chipsets">Chipsets</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="List_of_Intel_CPU_microarchitectures" title="List of Intel CPU microarchitectures">Microarchitectures</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="IA-32" title="IA-32">IA-32</a> (<a href="32-bit_computing" title="32-bit computing">32-bit</a> x86)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Pentium_M" title="Pentium M">P6 variant (Pentium M)</a></li>

<li><a href="Yonah_(microprocessor)" title="Yonah (microprocessor)">P6 variant (Enhanced Pentium M)</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="NetBurst" title="NetBurst">NetBurst</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="X86-64" title="X86-64">x86-64</a> (<a href="64-bit_computing" title="64-bit computing">64-bit</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Penryn_(microarchitecture)" title="Penryn (microarchitecture)">Penryn</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Nehalem_(microarchitecture)" title="Nehalem (microarchitecture)">Nehalem</a>

<ul><li><a href="Westmere_(microarchitecture)" title="Westmere (microarchitecture)">Westmere</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Sandy_Bridge" title="Sandy Bridge">Sandy Bridge</a>

<ul><li><a href="Ivy_Bridge_(microarchitecture)" title="Ivy Bridge (microarchitecture)">Ivy Bridge</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Haswell_(microarchitecture)" title="Haswell (microarchitecture)">Haswell</a>

<ul><li><a href="Broadwell_(microarchitecture)" title="Broadwell (microarchitecture)">Broadwell</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Skylake_(microarchitecture)" title="Skylake (microarchitecture)">Skylake</a>

<ul><li><a href="Cannon_Lake_(microprocessor)" title="Cannon Lake (microprocessor)">Cannon Lake</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Sunny_Cove_(microarchitecture)" title="Sunny Cove (microarchitecture)">Sunny Cove</a>

<ul><li><a href="Cypress_Cove_(microarchitecture)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cypress Cove (microarchitecture)">Cypress Cove</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Willow_Cove" title="Willow Cove">Willow Cove</a></li>

<li><a href="Golden_Cove" title="Golden Cove">Golden Cove</a>

<ul><li><a href="Raptor_Cove" class="mw-redirect" title="Raptor Cove">Raptor Cove</a></li></ul></li>

<li>Redwood Cove</li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="X86" title="X86">x86</a> <a href="Ultra-low-voltage_processor" title="Ultra-low-voltage processor">ULV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Bonnell_(microarchitecture)" title="Bonnell (microarchitecture)">Bonnell</a>

<ul><li><a href="Saltwell_(microarchitecture)" class="mw-redirect" title="Saltwell (microarchitecture)">Saltwell</a></li>

<li><a href="Silvermont" title="Silvermont">Silvermont</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Goldmont" title="Goldmont">Goldmont</a>

<ul><li><a href="Goldmont_Plus" title="Goldmont Plus">Goldmont Plus</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Tremont_(microarchitecture)" title="Tremont (microarchitecture)">Tremont</a>

<ul><li><a href="Gracemont_(microarchitecture)" title="Gracemont (microarchitecture)">Gracemont</a></li></ul></li>

<li>Crestmont</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="x86-64_(64-bit)40" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><a href="X86-64" title="X86-64">x86-64</a> (<a href="64-bit_computing" title="64-bit computing">64-bit</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Celeron" title="Celeron">Celeron</a></li>

<li><a href="Pentium" title="Pentium">Pentium</a></li>

<li><a href="Intel_Core#Core_and_Core_Ultra_3/5/7/9" title="Intel Core">Core Ultra</a>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Discontinued</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Binary-coded_decimal" title="Binary-coded decimal">BCD</a> oriented (<a href="4-bit_computing" title="4-bit computing">4-bit</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">pre-x86 (<a href="8-bit_computing" title="8-bit computing">8-bit</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Early <a href="X86" title="X86">x86</a> (<a href="16-bit_computing" title="16-bit computing">16-bit</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="X87" title="X87">x87</a> (external <a href="Floating-point_unit" title="Floating-point unit">FPUs</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<dl><dt>8/16-bit databus</dt>

<dt>16-bit databus</dt>

<dt>32-bit databus</dt>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="IA-32" title="IA-32">IA-32</a> (<a href="32-bit_computing" title="32-bit computing">32-bit</a> x86)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="RapidCAD" title="RapidCAD">RapidCAD</a></li>

<li><a href="I486_OverDrive" title="I486 OverDrive">OverDrive</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Celeron" title="Celeron">Celeron</a> (1998)

<li><a href="Pentium" title="Pentium">Pentium</a>

<ul><li><a href="Pentium_(original)" title="Pentium (original)">Original i586</a></li>

<li><a href="Pentium_OverDrive" title="Pentium OverDrive">OverDrive</a></li>

<ul><li><a href="List_of_Intel_P6-based_Xeon_microprocessors" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Intel P6-based Xeon microprocessors">P6-based</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Intel_NetBurst-based_Xeon_microprocessors" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Intel NetBurst-based Xeon microprocessors">NetBurst-based</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Intel_Core-based_Xeon_microprocessors" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Intel Core-based Xeon microprocessors">Core-based</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Intel_Quark" title="Intel Quark">Quark</a></li>

<li><a href="Tolapai" title="Tolapai">Tolapai</a></li></ul>

<li><a href="Celeron" title="Celeron">Celeron</a>

<li><a href="Pentium" title="Pentium">Pentium</a>

<li><a href="Pentium_D#Smithfield_XE" title="Pentium D">Extreme Edition</a></li>

<ul><li><a href="List_of_Intel_Xeon_processors_(Nehalem-based)" title="List of Intel Xeon processors (Nehalem-based)">Nehalem-based</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Intel_Xeon_processors_(Sandy_Bridge-based)" title="List of Intel Xeon processors (Sandy Bridge-based)">Sandy Bridge-based</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Intel_Xeon_processors_(Ivy_Bridge-based)" title="List of Intel Xeon processors (Ivy Bridge-based)">Ivy Bridge-based</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Intel_Xeon_processors_(Haswell-based)" title="List of Intel Xeon processors (Haswell-based)">Haswell-based</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Intel_Xeon_processors_(Broadwell-based)" title="List of Intel Xeon processors (Broadwell-based)">Broadwell-based</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Intel_Xeon_processors_(Skylake-based)" title="List of Intel Xeon processors (Skylake-based)">Skylake-based</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<dd><a href="Itanium" title="Itanium">Itanium</a></dd>

<dd><a href="StrongARM" title="StrongARM">StrongARM</a></dd>

<dd><a href="XScale" title="XScale">XScale</a></dd></dl>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Tick%E2%80%93tock_model" title="Tick–tock model">Tick–tock model</a></li>

<li><a href="Process%E2%80%93architecture%E2%80%93optimization_model" title="Process–architecture–optimization model">Process–architecture–optimization model</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Intel_graphics_processing_units" title="List of Intel graphics processing units">Intel GPUs</a>

<li><a href="Intel_Graphics_Technology" title="Intel Graphics Technology">Intel HD, UHD, and Iris Graphics</a></li>

<li><a href="PCI_IDE_ISA_Xcelerator" class="mw-redirect" title="PCI IDE ISA Xcelerator">PIIXs</a></li>

<li><a href="Stratix" title="Stratix">Stratix</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Intel_codenames" title="List of Intel codenames">Codenames</a></li>

<li><a href="Larrabee_(microarchitecture)" title="Larrabee (microarchitecture)">Larrabee</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Litigation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Advanced_Micro_Devices%2C_Inc._v._Intel_Corp." title="Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. v. Intel Corp.">Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. v. Intel Corp.</a></li>

<li><a href="High-Tech_Employee_Antitrust_Litigation" title="High-Tech Employee Antitrust Litigation">High-Tech Employee Antitrust Litigation</a></li>

<li><a href="Intel_Corp._v._Advanced_Micro_Devices%2C_Inc." title="Intel Corp. v. Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.">Intel Corp. v. Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.</a></li>

<li><a href="Intel_Corp._v._Hamidi" title="Intel Corp. v. Hamidi">Intel Corp. v. Hamidi</a></li>

<li><a href="Intel_Corporation_Inc._v_CPM_United_Kingdom_Ltd" class="mw-redirect" title="Intel Corporation Inc. v CPM United Kingdom Ltd">Intel Corporation Inc. v CPM United Kingdom Ltd</a></li>

<li><a href="Silvaco_Data_Systems_v._Intel_Corp." title="Silvaco Data Systems v. Intel Corp.">Silvaco Data Systems v. Intel Corp.</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Founders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Gordon_Moore" title="Gordon Moore">Gordon Moore</a></li>

<li><a href="Robert_Noyce" title="Robert Noyce">Robert Noyce</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">CEOs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>Robert Noyce</li>

<li>Gordon Moore</li>

<li><a href="Andrew_Grove" title="Andrew Grove">Andrew Grove</a></li>

<li><a href="Craig_Barrett_(chief_executive)" title="Craig Barrett (chief executive)">Craig Barrett</a></li>

<li><a href="Paul_Otellini" title="Paul Otellini">Paul Otellini</a></li>

<li><a href="Brian_Krzanich" title="Brian Krzanich">Brian Krzanich</a></li>

<li><a href="Pat_Gelsinger" title="Pat Gelsinger">Pat Gelsinger</a></li>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Intel_Foundation_Achievement_Award" title="Intel Foundation Achievement Award">Intel Foundation Achievement Award</a></li>

<li><a href="Mac_transition_to_Intel_processors" title="Mac transition to Intel processors">Mac transition to Intel processors</a></li>

<li><a href="Classmate_PC" title="Classmate PC">Classmate PC</a></li>

<li><a href="Convera_Corporation" title="Convera Corporation">Convera Corporation</a></li>

<li><a href="Copy_Exactly!" title="Copy Exactly!">Copy Exactly!</a></li>

<li><a href="Intel_Developer_Forum" title="Intel Developer Forum">Intel Developer Forum</a></li>

<li><a href="Dynamic_video_memory_technology" title="Dynamic video memory technology">Dynamic video memory technology</a></li>

<li><a href="Intel_Extreme_Masters" title="Intel Extreme Masters">Intel Extreme Masters</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Intel_microprocessors" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Intel microprocessors">List of Intel microprocessors</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Intel_graphics_processing_units_(2013_or_earlier)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Intel graphics processing units (2013 or earlier)">List of Intel graphics processing units (2013 or earlier)</a></li>

<li><a href="I/O_Acceleration_Technology" title="I/O Acceleration Technology">I/O Acceleration Technology</a></li>

<li><a href="IA-32_Execution_Layer" title="IA-32 Execution Layer">IA-32 Execution Layer</a></li>

<li><a href="IM_Flash_Technologies" title="IM Flash Technologies">IM Flash Technologies</a></li>

<li><i><a href="The_Innovators_(book)" title="The Innovators (book)">The Innovators</a></i></li>

<li><a href="Inside_Films" title="Inside Films">Inside Films</a>

<ul><li><i><a href="Inside_(2011_film)" title="Inside (2011 film)">Inside</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="The_Beauty_Inside_(web_series)" title="The Beauty Inside (web series)">The Beauty Inside</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="The_Power_Inside" title="The Power Inside">The Power Inside</a></i></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Intel_ADX" title="Intel ADX">Intel ADX</a></li>

<li><a href="Intel_Capital" title="Intel Capital">Intel Capital</a></li>

<li><a href="Intel_Cluster_Ready" title="Intel Cluster Ready">Intel Cluster Ready</a></li>

<li><a href="Intel_Compute_Stick" title="Intel Compute Stick">Intel Compute Stick</a></li>

<li><a href="Intel_Ireland" title="Intel Ireland">Intel Ireland</a></li>

<li><a href="Intel_Mobile_Communications" title="Intel Mobile Communications">Intel Mobile Communications</a></li>

<li><a href="Intel_Outstanding_Researcher_Award" title="Intel Outstanding Researcher Award">Intel Outstanding Researcher Award</a></li>

<li><a href="Intel_SHA_extensions" class="mw-redirect" title="Intel SHA extensions">Intel SHA extensions</a></li>

<li><a href="Intel_Teach" title="Intel Teach">Intel Teach</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_semiconductor_fabrication_plants" title="List of semiconductor fabrication plants">List of semiconductor fabrication plants</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Intel_manufacturing_sites" title="List of Intel manufacturing sites">List of Intel manufacturing sites</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_mergers_and_acquisitions_by_Intel" title="List of mergers and acquisitions by Intel">List of mergers and acquisitions by Intel</a></li>

<li><a href="Intel_Museum" title="Intel Museum">Intel Museum</a></li>

<li><a href="OnCue" class="mw-redirect" title="OnCue">OnCue</a></li>

<li><a href="Intel_PRO/Wireless" title="Intel PRO/Wireless">Intel PRO/Wireless</a></li>

<li><a href="Intel_International_Science_and_Engineering_Fair" class="mw-redirect" title="Intel International Science and Engineering Fair">Intel International Science and Engineering Fair</a></li>

<li><a href="Regeneron_Science_Talent_Search" title="Regeneron Science Talent Search">Regeneron Science Talent Search</a></li>

<li><a href="Simple_Firmware_Interface" title="Simple Firmware Interface">Simple Firmware Interface</a></li>

<li><a href="Single-chip_Cloud_Computer" title="Single-chip Cloud Computer">Single-chip Cloud Computer</a></li>

<li><a href="Software_Guard_Extensions" title="Software Guard Extensions">Software Guard Extensions</a></li>

<li><a href="Supervisor_Mode_Access_Prevention" title="Supervisor Mode Access Prevention">Supervisor Mode Access Prevention</a></li>

<li><a href="Tarari_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tarari (company)">Tarari</a></li>

<li><a href="Intel_Tera-Scale" title="Intel Tera-Scale">Intel Tera-Scale</a></li>

<li><a href="Timeline_of_Intel" title="Timeline of Intel">Timeline of Intel</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-03-19" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Intel_Architecture_Labs&oldid=1281238327">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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